To choose the most efficient nutrients, glucose, sucrose, and soluble starch were used as carbon sources, and various compounds containing nitrogen, namely NH4Cl, NH4NO3, (NH4 2SO4, NaNO3, KNO3, urea, yeast extract and malt extract, were used as nitrogen sources for AMVL production by A. oryzae MTG4.
In terms of consumption, poultry meat is highly regarded as one of the most efficient food sources; it contains high quality nutrients such as protein, and is relatively inexpensive for purchase.
Browse-eating would be the most efficient specialization for obtaining required nutrients when a continued predominance of high nutritional forage is prevailing, despite the possible existence of grasses.
One potential explanation is that the organism activates and synchronizes all anabolic processes in the expectation of food in order to digest and stored all received nutrients in the most efficient way.
From the long-term system operation, the most efficient energy-saving system with high performance of nutrient removal could be achieved with the aeration on/off mode of 30/90 min.
On the other hand, root responses to sulfate shortage appear likely to be dependent on the need for allocating the limiting nutrient in the best and most efficient way.
Both classes of processes are essentially involved in an energy production and storage, although, comparing with other nutrient groups, fatty acids are the most efficient energy source.
Of the major groups of saprotrophs, fungi are among the most efficient at decomposing complex organic molecules and recycling those nutrients back into the ecosystem.
These interactions can provide the most efficient use of available sources of energy, respiration, carbon, and nutrients.
For this reason, nutrient deficiency has been regarded as one of the most efficient approaches to increase storage product content for biofuels [ 43, 61].
