To account for the hierarchical levels of the determination of youth smoking, multivariable analysis was performed, assuming that the socioeconomic household factors were the most distal factors, household smoking indicators were intermediate factors, and individual socioeconomic factors were the most proximal factors.
The demographic characteristics were considered as the most distal factors (Block 1), considering that gender, age and skin colour influence the socioeconomic conditions (Block 2), which in turn determine the use of dental services and the adoption of habits harmful to health, specifically, smoking and alcohol problems (Block 3).
Overall, subscales of the EORTC QLQ-C30 provided the most influential distal factors, although the contribution of all distal factors (socio-demographic, cancer-related, psychological) was considerably lower than the contribution of the proximal factors and intention.
Many studies have determined predisposing characteristics as having a moderate effect, enabling factors as being the most distal cause of service use, while need-based variables as the most proximate [ 21- 32].
Of course in a fz or dsh mutant wing the polarity of hairs is only slightly altered in the most distal part of the wing so other factors are likely important.
CR1 (proximal promoter) and the most distal conserved region CR4 are the regions critically important for regulation of Oct4 gene expression by several transcription factors, including Sp1 and RAR.
Most distal ulna fractures occur with a distal radius fracture.
Two tensioned wires are used for the most distal ring.
An end cap was inserted onto the distal end of the nail and the most distal condyle screw locked.
Only scans showing the entire distal femur (tip of femoral groove to most distal aspect of femur) were retained.
