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As a consequence of the fundamental laws of thermodynamics, most complex biochemical networks contain reaction cycles that constrain the kinetic parameters according to (9).
Animal venoms are among the most complex biochemical natural secretions known and comprise a mixture of bioactive compounds often referred to as toxins (Norton and Olivera 2006; Vonk et al. 2013; von Reumont et al. 2014).
Both as starter or as NSLAB, these may play different roles in the primary metabolic events during cheese ripening with the proteolysis being the major and most complex biochemical event taking place in most cheese varieties.
Such a property is termed relative specificity and has been proposed to regulate important physiological functions, even though it has not been examined explicitly in most complex biochemical systems.
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However, most cancers have complex biochemical causes and may involve dysfunction of several PTKs as well as crosstalk between downstream signaling pathways.
In most mitotic cells, complex biochemical regulatory loops ensure that its two major activators function sequentially; Cdc20/Fizzy drives the metaphase-to-anaphase transition, while the tumor suppressor Cdh1 not only drives mitotic exit but also represses subsequent cell cycle entry and promotes somatic cell differentiation (reviewed in Peters 2006; Thornton and Toczyski 2006; Wasch et al. 2010).
N-linked glycosylation is essential for the modification of proteins in eukaryotes and is one of the most complex metabolic pathways known, involving more than 40 biochemical steps.
At the most complex level, that of proteins, geometric structure is essential to biochemical function and thus has a critical role in all living systems.
At the biochemical level, today's Darwinians have many examples of the most complex of processes that have been put in place by selection.
Metabolism, which comprises the complete set of biochemical reactions in a living cell, is one of the most complex cellular processes.
Isolated complex I deficiency is by far the commonest biochemical defect found in mitochondrial disorders; however, it is also the most complex aetiology and clinical spectrum.
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