The five most common serovars were S. Agona, S. Derby, S. Schwarzengrund, S. Typhimurium and S. Senftenberg, with 25 additional serovars detected.
To our knowledge, S. 1,4,,12 i -, one of the most common serovars in cases of human infection and food sources worldwide, has not previously been described in marine mammals, and reports of Salmonella-associated disease in free-ranging cetaceans are rare.
Monophasic variant of Salmonella Typhimurium (Salmonella 1,4,,12 i -) began to emerge in the mid-1990s and is currently one of the most common serovars in human clinical cases as well as in animal and food sources (mainly pigs and pork products) worldwide11,12,13,14,15, being responsible for a number of outbreaks, including those reported in Luxembourg, Germany, France and United States16.
The most common serovars isolated from blood in the USA are S. Typhimurium (24%), S. Enteritidis (19%) and S. Heidelberg (15%) [19].
The trends of the most common serovars are shown in Figure 1.
The 10 most common serovars from all sources are given in Table 2.
The most common serovar among case-patients was Typhimurium (51.7%), and the most common serovar among control-patients was Enteritidis (40.4%; Table 2).
The most common serovar was 4b, which accounted for half of all strains.
The most common serovar causing human salmonellosis in Thailand was Salmonella enterica Weltevreden.
Our report indicates that S. Weltevreden was the most common serovar isolated from humans in Thailand.
S. Dublin was the second most common serovar from patients with DAB (20%), but was rare among patients with TRB.
