In dogs, SLO is a significant health concern and appears to be the most common immune-mediated claw disease [4].
The most common immune-related AEs that affect the gastrointestinal tract manifest as diarrhea or colitis.
16 The most common immune-related AEs included toxicities of the skin, gastrointestinal tract, endocrine system, and liver.
The most common immune-related adverse events were grade 1 to 2 pruritus in 22 (43%) patients and rash in 19 (37%, 1 grade 3) patients.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common immune-mediated diseases and is characterized by synovial inflammation and joint destruction [ 1].
It is one of the most common immune-mediated adverse drug reactions, with 1% to 3% of all patients receiving unfractionated heparin at therapeutic levels (4 to 14 days) developing HIT [ 1].
After acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, the disorder was the second most common immune-mediated encephalitis, confirmed in 20% of cases of encephalitis at one center using retrospective analysis of serum [ 21].
Grade 3/4 immune-related adverse events were noted in 29% of patients, with the most common immune-related adverse events being pruritus (43%), rash (37%), and diarrhea (33%).
From a clinical point of view, RP might be a valuable clue prior to the initiation of SSc for the following reasons: (i) SSc is the most common immune-mediated aetiology of RP, (ii) RP is a clinical feature frequently observed in the early phase of SSc, (iii) RP can often precede skin and visceral fibrosis in SSc [ 4].
The HLA-B27-positive spondyloarthritides, such as ankylosing spondylitis (AS), reactive arthritis (ReA), enteropathic arthropathy (EnA), and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), are the most common systemic immune disorders associated with anterior uveitis in the adult population in North America and Europe [5, 13 15].
