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Kobasa et al. [ 20] examined representative NAs of most antigenic subtypes from avian, human and swine viruses.
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VP6 is the most antigenic and abundant rotavirus structural protein.
Hemagglutinin is the most external and most antigenic surface protein of influenza viruses.
In wild birds and poultry throughout the world, influenza viruses representing 16 hemagglutinin (H) and 9 neuraminidase (N) antigenic subtypes have been detected [1], [2].
Avian influenza viruses naturally circulate in wild aquatic birds as a diverse population having 16 HA and 9 NA antigenic subtypes [1], [2].
Serotype 4 can be further subdivided into 2 antigenic subtypes, HPIV-4A and HPIV-4B (1 ).
They are now known to represent 3 different antigenic subtypes of influenza A virus: H1N1, H2N2, and H3N2, respectively.
These levels of divergence are equal to or greater than those of other VEE complex antigenic subtypes, so we propose the designation of subtype IIID for these strains.
Serological methods developed to distinguish HBsAg antigenic subtypes allowed its classification in nine different subtypes with variable frequencies in different countries [ 6].
Most antigenic cells of allograft bone are found in the bone marrow (Czitrom et al. 1985).
This study showed that in South Asian regions, most antigenic variations of the FMDV serotype Asia1 come from very few mutations at several antigenic sites.
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