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This is the highest mortality reduction reported in any individual trial and even exceeds the most positive predictions calculated from meta-analyses for mixed populations.
Characteristics of RCTs are shown in table 1. Figure 2 shows the efficacy of aPC on mortality reduction, reported separately for RCTs and OS.
A mortality reduction reported for LABAs in combination with ICS vs placebo (HR 0.71; 95 % CrI 0.49, 0.96) in the fixed effect model.
When such figures are compared to a 20% intention-to-screen-based mortality reduction reported by FOBT screening trials, the hypothesis of FOBT screening being effective only through colonoscopies recommended for spurious FOBT positivity is hardly acceptable.
The mortality reduction for each treatment for the number of patients in each group, stratified by age and sex, was calculated as the age-specific case death in that group multiplied by the relative mortality reduction reported in published meta-analyses multiplied by the treatment uptake (the proportion of patients receiving that specific treatment, appendix).
The hypothesis also offers an explanation of why the large mortality reduction reported by the meta-analysis of the trials between 1986 and 1993 1 may no longer be reproducible; these trials were conducted before the Expanded Programme on Immunisations reached high coverage.
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8 However, mortality reduction was reported when a subgroup (76%) with available data on covariates was subjected to multivariate logistic regression analysis (P=0.03), supported by persistent Kaplan-Meier survival curve separation observed after approximately eight days.
There is general consensus among stakeholders that the scheme has catalyzed renewed efforts in maternal mortality reduction and reports indicate increases in MNCH service utilization in target areas.
Reestimating the Cox regression model without this exclusion results in effects that are only slightly smaller than those originally reported: a mortality reduction of 48% with respect to the controls before and of 38% with respect to the controls after, compared to the 51 and 42% originally reported.
Dominioni et al. [ 18], also reported impressive mortality reduction with the IgG preparation in septic patients with a sepsis score higher than 20.
It contradicts the results of today's quality-assured mammography screening programmes and of the present Canadian screening programme, which report a mortality reduction ranging around 40%% for participating versus nonparticipating women [ 12– 12].
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com