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aU5MR, under-5 mortality rate method; MIR, meningitis incidence rate method.
Also, because the under-5 mortality rate method starts with pneumonia deaths and works backwards to meningitis cases, more assumptions are made in the last estimate.
A fourth concern is that the under-5 mortality rate method yielded higher estimates of Hib disease rates than the meningitis incidence rate method.
The Hib RAT calculations utilize two methods for determining meningitis and pneumonia cases and deaths (the meningitis incidence rate method and the under-five mortality rate method).
The under-5 mortality rate method yielded estimates of national Hib disease rates that were higher than those obtained from the meningitis incidence rate method (mean 2.8, 95% confidence interval 1.7 3.9).
The under-five mortality rate method uses the proportion of childhood deaths from acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) attributable to Hib (13%) to the total number of under-five deaths due to ALRI, minus the neonatal deaths unlikely to be due to Hib infection [ 12].
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If not quickly diagnosed and treated, the disease has a high mortality rate – thus methods for early and specific diagnosis are of critical importance.
Furthermore, while many pharmacologic interventions directed at reducing correlative risk factors have been shown to reduce the population-based cardiovascular mortality rate, no methods are currently available to track the vascular response in an individual patient and therefore to predict that patient's risk of future events.
In addition, the Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) have modelled national-level trends in mortality rates with methods recently updated for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 [18,19].
While hospital differences in case mix may account for mortality rate variation, few methods to evaluate illness severity for HIV-associated CAP have been reported previously.
The mortality rate estimated through Methods 3 and 4 in this study (extrapolated from the Kaplan-Meier curves of Figure 2) is 7%.
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