Risk factors on mortality of breast cancer were identified.
The objectives of the study were to estimate the survival probability at 1, 3, and 5 years, following diagnosis of breast cancer patients, and to determine the effects of age, ethnicity, stage at diagnosis, marital status, educational level, type of primary treatment, and hormone therapy on mortality of breast cancer in Vietnam.
As follow-up time since the policy change is too short to demonstrate a difference in mortality, the impact on breast cancer-specific survival was estimated by applying the observed differences in the prognostic profile of cancers diagnosed in women screened at different intervals to a prognostic prediction model.
For recreational PA, the meta-analysis of the Continuous Update Project included eight studies on all-cause mortality and seven studies on breast cancer-specific mortality; their findings indicated a significant reduction in all-cause and breast cancer-specific mortality (26 % and 24%%, respectively) [ 20].
The estimation is carried out by synthesis of a range of estimates of relative risk of breast cancer mortality loosely derived from the randomised trials, SEER data on breast cancer mortality and the proportion of the recent reduction in breast cancer mortality estimated by Berry et al to be owing to mammography [ 2].
Even though birth cohorts can account for the gradual impact of mammographic screening on breast cancer mortality trends, it remains difficult to interpret mortality trends.
The two randomised trials of mortality are unaffected by bias and both show no effect of BSE on breast cancer mortality, after 5 or 13 years.
We also estimated how many women between 50 and 69 years of age would need to be invited to mammography screening to prevent one death from breast cancer, based on the estimated effect on breast cancer mortality that we found in this study and the observed all cause and breast cancer specific mortality in Norway in 2009.
Jørgensen et al. did not find any effect of breast cancer screening on breast cancer mortality in Denmark and they contributed the lower mortality to changes in risk factors and improved treatment [ 9].
We also have obtained an estimate of the risk of dying from competing-causes mortality, which will be used in the assessment of the effect of mammography screening on breast cancer mortality in Catalonia.
