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In the optimization-based approach the diameter increment and mortality models were fitted simultaneously via nonlinear optimization (Nelder and Mead [1965]), using diameter distributions as modelling data instead of tree-level growth and survival data (Pukkala et al. [2011]).
Numerous mortality models were developed and presented.
Additional mortality models were developed in a forward manner.
Previously, mortality models were only calculated once the data were inserted in the database.
Mathematical mortality models were fitted to the individual data sets using the Survomatic R package (Bokov & Gelfond, 2010).
Additional mortality models were developed to test specific combinations of covariates (e.g. model 16 in results section).
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Current fire mortality models are limited to a few species and regions, notably Pinus ponderosa and Pseudotsuga menziesii in the western United States.
A limiting factor in the construction and evaluation of new age-dependent mortality models is the paucity of data characterizing vector mortality patterns, particularly for free ranging vectors in the field.
Mortality models are usually based on the self-thinning line as the upper threshold (stand level) or on minimum (threshold) growth rates needed for individual tree survival (individual tree level).
This finding suggests that careful interpretation of the results of time series excess mortality models is needed when used to simultaneously estimate the mortality attributable to co-circulating pathogens, particularly for RSV.
A limitation of existing mortality models is that they can help to rank patients by probability of death, but these probabilities must still be transformed into a life expectancy for a particular older diabetic patient.
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