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Given that the traditional focus of diabetes in youth has been on T1DM and that established morbidity and mortality data exist for this group (4, 5), a comparison was made with T1DM.
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Trials of vaptans assessing hard clinical outcomes, such as EVEREST (Efficacy of Vasopressin Antagonism in Heart Failure Outcome Study with Tolvaptan) for heart failure patients, have not shown a long-term mortality benefit and nor do data exist for mortality benefit in patients with cirrhosis.
Influenza causes substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide, yet few data exist on influenza infection rates in tropical, developing countries.
Emergency general surgery (EGS) is a major component of acute care surgery, however, limited data exist on mortality with respect to trauma center (TC) designation.
Whereas recent French data exist for mortality and costs, there are no local long-term epidemiological data available for time to admission to nursing homes, and we were obliged to use data from a study performed in the USA [ 9].
Very limited data exist to characterise mortality and ICU length of stay (LOS) in different surgical specialties [ 2, 3].
To our knowledge, no data exist on the mortality of alcoholic ICU patients beyond 30 days after ICU admission.
Few data exist regarding the mortality, morbidity, and/or risk factors associated with these outcomes in intubated and mechanically ventilated adult patients undergoing interfacility transport.
No data exist on lionfish natural mortality; therefore, uncertainty surrounding the M parameter estimate is high.
This remains based on expert opinion, and no data exist from trials using mortality or other 'hard' outcome measures.
To our knowledge, no other studies have attempted to predict the burden of untreated pneumonia in high-mortality countries for which no publically available data exist.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com