To further investigate how the two mutations on FGFR2 causing Apert syndrome in humans differently affect palatal morphology in mouse models for Apert syndrome, we combined 3D geometric morphometric methods with histologic and immunohistochemical techniques in a novel characterization of palatal development.
Specifically, anatomical and morphometric methods were used to calculate the stature and body mass of the individuals and regression equations using the Ordinary Least Squares and Reduced Major Axis methods were generated with long bone lengths and femoral head breadth as predictors.
After euthanasia, the colon segments were excised, opened longitudinally, photographed, sampled, and analyzed by morphometric methods (see Supplementary Materials and Methods).
Amat, unpublished data; see also [28], [45]), and their ploidy using morphometric methods (for culture conditions and other details see [45], [46]).
Using measurements at 2.5 times the average building height, a source area model is used to determine aerodynamic roughness parameters using two morphometric methods, which assume homogeneous and variable roughness-element heights, respectively.
Thus, MacLeod suggested that both continuous data and morphometric methods can reveal historical relationships in fossil lineages.
As well as these imaging methods that enable us to investigate the function of the brain during headache attacks, structural and morphometric methods, such as voxel-based morphometry, have also become available.
Differences are difficult to resolve at this point, but are likely due to both different lesion location (subcortical vs. cortical stroke) and morphometric methods used.
Phenotypic variation was assessed from landmarks and sliding semi-landmarks on the second and third upper and lower molars using geometric morphometric methods, following the protocol detailed in SI-Figure 1 and [ 33].
