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In this study, we report on the morphological characteristics in hatchery brook trout originating from three source populations, testing the null hypotheses that: 1) morphometrics of brook trout strains do not differ; 2) morphometric differentiation does not change over time; and 3) morphological variation exhibits no underlying additive genetic variation.
In their 2009 review of western Mexican Oryzomys, Carleton and Arroyo-Cabrales classified Oryzomys albiventer as a separate species from lowland mexicanus on the basis of clear morphometric differentiation and offered some comments on the status of crinitus, regillus, and aztecus, including the holotypes of the three forms in their morphometric analyses.
We found significant genetic differentiation, genealogical exclusivity, and morphometric differentiation for coexisting morphotypes.
Reduced sharing of haplotypes, significant genetic divergence, and significant morphometric differentiation of coexisting forms are evidence of reproductive barriers.
Likewise, greater morphometric differentiation between S-RED and BLUE than between N-RED and S-RED concords with the hypothesis that genetic drift (and/or selection) between S-RED and BLUE have been less affected by the homogenising effects of gene flow.
These traits are predicted to vary on a fine geographic scale in accordance with environmental dissimilarity across the landscape, and the resulting spatial patterns are quite different from what would be expected if one subspecies exhibited clear morphometric differentiation from the other.
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Higher correlation was found between morphometric and epigenetic differentiation than between morphometric and genetic differentiation.
Significant morphometric and genetic differentiation found in coexisting taxa is consistent with reproductive barriers but inconsistent with geographic isolation.
We also demonstrated how PCM image segmentation could be leveraged for the monitoring of mESC differentiation through both morphometric analysis and in combination with fluorescence microscopy.
Here we tested this hypothesis by using Gad67-GFP transgenic mice to investigate ex vivo and in vivo the effects of prenatal exposure to ketamine on (i) the survival of GABAergic precursors, (ii) the molecular and morphometric characteristics of GABAergic interneuron differentiation, (iii) glutamate-induced neuronal activation and (iv) the long-term impairment of motor activity.
All of the data, including cardiogenic differentiation in cell culture, morphometric analysis, and immunohistological analysis, were presented as mean ± SD.
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