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Ancestral holometabolan adults likely resembled in their morphology the groundplan of adult neopteran insects.
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There are prints in which the traced outline of a falling Grunewald soldier is superimposed on the groundplan of Johns's grandparents' house in Georgia, one idea (perhaps?) being that palimpsests embody buried memories.
The groundplan of the entoproct adult stage probably included a bilobed centralized nervous system, and the larva was assumedly planktonic, with a gut and a ciliated creeping sole.
This mode of egg deposition is arguably maintained in the groundplan of Neuropteroidea.
Gene order of mitochondrial genomes seems to be very variable among Acoela and Nemertodermatida and the groundplan for the metazoan mitochondrial genome remains elusive.
The primary mode of egg deposition in Holometabola was very likely endophytic, as it can be assumed for the groundplan of Hymenoptera ("Symphyta").
This resembles egg deposition as assumed for the groundplan of Holometabola and Hymenoptera; however, it might also be a derived character.
Our phylogenetic results imply that an orthognathous larva belongs to the groundplan of Holometabola, with compound eyes and well-developed thoracic legs, externally feeding on plants or fungi.
By maximum parsimony-based mapping of the morphological data on the phylogenetic relationships we traced evolutionary transformations at the phenotypic level and reconstructed the groundplan of Holometabola and of selected subgroups.
The orthognathous head in the groundplan suggests that the earliest holometabolan larvae were feeding externally on plant material or fungi and not burrowing in substrate or penetrating narrow crevices (e.g., under bark).
In contrast, the groundplan hymenopteran ovipositor retains a pterygotan ground plan in that its 2nd valves are developed and functional, and the 3rd valves are free while serving as saw-like sheaths.
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