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The surface morphology of active layers was characterized by AFM (SPM-9500J3, Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan).
The morphology of active layers within working devices can be correlated to field distributions, charge flows, charge recombination and light emission.
The morphology of active liposomes was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and size of liposomes were around 200 700 nm.
Our results also demonstrated that elevating the temperature of substrates could reduce the domain size of non-fullerene acceptors, which could provide a strategy to adjust the film morphology of active layer comprising easy-aggregating non-fullerene acceptor.
However, DINCNDTS PC71BM based devices exhibited a poor PCE of 0.58% with a very low Jsc of 1.82 mA cm−2, which are mainly due to its poor morphology of active layers.
This article reports a novel method for preparing supported NiW hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalysts with tunable size and morphology of active phases to achieve highly selective HDS performance in hydro-upgrading fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) naphtha.
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Atomic force microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images revealed the morphologies of active layers comprising these 2-D conjugated polymers and the fullerene derivative [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric
The texture-structure, surface morphology, dispersion of active components and the redox properties of the materials were systematically characterized and analyzed by the techniques of N2 adsorption-desorption, high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM -energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) as well as tHRTEM -energyture-programmedispersiven (H2-TPR).
AFM was used to observe how the morphology of blend active layer is affected by CZTS NP concentration.
Adequate donor/acceptor morphology of the active layer is required to provide carrier separation and transport to the electrodes.
Optimal composition as well as morphology of the active catalytic Ce Cu oxide systems were proposed.
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