Morphological divergence often increases with phylogenetic distance, thus making morphology taxonomically informative.
Ours is the first study of interlacustrine (among-lake) divergence of body morphology in roach of which we are aware, but similar morphological divergence between lakes has been reported for populations of three-spined sticklebacks in Alaska, USA [ 51].
The nested MANCOVAs revealed that habitat type had a significant effect on morphological divergence of the gudgeons in terms of both head and whole-body morphologies (Table 3).
The morphology, ecology, and genetic structure of these sister populations are well characterized, yet the genetic basis of their morphological divergence remains unknown.
Both the Pekin duck and broiler chicken have undergone major changes in body size and leg morphology since divergence from their 'unselected' conspecifics occurred through artificial selection.
Isolated populations of Bolitoglossa rufescens from Los Tuxtlas region constitute a separate lineage based on molecular data and morphology, and divergence between Los Tuxtlas and other areas appears to predate the arrival of B. rufescens in other areas west of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec.
In the case of some adaptive radiations where there is repeated morphological diversification, this divergence in morphology may also be convergent (termed "replicate adaptive radiation", [ 5]).
The main weaknesses include different methods used to quantify sperm count; the paucity of studies that have examined TCDD effects on DSP and the ambiguous nature of those results; the absence of documented changes in testicular and spermatozoa morphology; and the divergence of effects of TCDD upon sperm counts and circulating androgen levels.
Here, I assessed whether newly formed lentic habitats drive morphological trait divergence of native stream fish populations and predicted that fish morphologies would demonstrate consistent divergence in replicated reservoir systems.
