Another morphological trait found in some algae is the presence of saccate or sac-like thallus that retains sea water when exposed to air during low tide.
When comparing h2 and CV A across traits in Drosophila, Houle (1992) found that CV A for fitness-related traits were actually higher than those for morphological traits (see also [ 29] for a similar finding).
As a result, PC1 and PC2 of the morphological traits were found to capture 65.5% of the total variation (44.96% for PC1 and 20.53% for PC2).
In most of the species of the subgenus Orcula, coherent mt and nc sequence patterns as well as common morphological traits were found.
Significant differences (P < 0.001) in 14 morphological traits were found among colonies inhabiting 12 locations distributed in seven reefs in southwest Puerto Rico.
Interestingly, in the group of accessions from Asia and Africa that did not show differences at the genetic level - as inferred from the total absence of polymorphisms in DNA-markers - still variation in early growth traits and morphological traits was found.
We conducted principal component (PC) analysis of morphological traits and found that nightingale species converged in overall body size (PC1) and diverged in relative bill size (PC3) in sympatry.
As mentioned above, almost all of the detectable significant genetic variance for the morphological traits was found in the 27°C treatment, and we detected only CVA for ovary mass at 23°C.
