These results do not indicate a marked morphological shift at the basal branch of the pinnipeds, but match the results of the previous analyses in suggesting evolutionary shifts higher in the pinniped tree.
Changes include the morphological shift of í to ej and é to í (although é survives for some uses) and the merging of í and the former ejí.
Previous studies on cell culture systems, demonstrated mainly by morphological and biochemical data, have indicated that NAC addition stimulates proliferating cells to go into differentiation phase [ 1]. Figure 1 displays a scanning electro micrograph image of the cell types tested and demonstrates the morphological shift from proliferating to differentiating cells after addition of NAC.
Of particular interest, experiments conducted to silence the expression of E-cadherin not only showed a morphological shift from an epithelial to a fibroblastoid phenotype, characteristic of EMT, but also a concomitant increase in invasive cell behavior [5].
In addition, neointimal regression occurred with a morphological shift from a layered pattern to a homogeneous pattern.
Studies on aerodynamics of bird flight [1], [2], [8] have demonstrated that the observed morphological shift with increasing migratory distances is well suited to produce a larger forward component in flight due to a more prominent distal part of the wing.
Considering all measured birds without assigning them a priori to any sub-species we found a clinal morphological shift.
To explore whether the divergence of PC3 in sympatry was caused by a morphological shift in both species or only in one species, we performed an analysis of contrasts using the model in which geographical variables were included.
This morphological shift in stamen number usually involves only the increase of sterile stamens from the mid-upper to both the mid-upper and lateral/ventral stamens with the length of corolla tube unchanged in most groups of Gesneriaceae.
The results based on Phocomorpha are extremely similar to those based on Otarioidea, with the exception that the bayou model places an additional morphological shift on the stem Phocomorpha branch.
