The best known studies examining repetitive evolutionary patterns include morphological, ecological, and behavioral traits in all major vertebrate lineages (e.g., fishes: [ 3, 14]; amphibians: [ 15]; reptiles: [ 16, 17]; birds: [ 18, 19]; mammals: [ 20]).
Inevitably patterns included Christmas reindeer.
Pinto patterns include overo, sabino and tobiano.
Patterns include geometric shapes, flora, and fauna.
Historically, Alexandrium species were described based on microscopic observations of morphological features including plate patterns, cell size and shape, and secondary characteristics such as chain formation.
We use this mitochondrial phylogeny, ancestral state reconstruction, and geometric morphometrics to test whether patterns of morphological evolution, including the evolution of body elongation, pelvic fin reduction, and craniofacial morphology, are shared throughout the osteichthyan tree of life.
That conserved morphological patterns exist is clear.
Morphological patterns are focal and diffuse.
A rich variety of morphological patterns are predicted and analyzed.
Pattern-based rules: These rules depend on the orthographic or morphological patterns of the words.
