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Following a longitudinal design, 566 children learning to read Dutch as L1 and 463 children learning to read Dutch as L2 in the Netherlands were tested on indicators lexical quality (LQ) in kindergarten (speech decoding, morphological knowledge and vocabulary); word decoding and listening comprehension in first grade; and then reading comprehension in second grade.
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However, later reading comprehension was also directly predicted by the children's early morphological and vocabulary knowledge, on the one hand, and indirectly by speech decoding and morphological knowledge via word decoding and indirectly by morphological and vocabulary knowledge via listening comprehension.
We show for the first time that the reconciliation between mitochondrial and previous nuclear and morphological knowledge is possible in the cases studied.
In the lowest level of this scale is the morphological knowledge, followed by the syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic-discursive knowledge.
In addition, the fact that morphological processing has its onset as early as the end of the second grade highlights the importance of morphological processing for beginning readers and suggests pedagogical practices that foster morphological knowledge in children.
However, morphological knowledge may also take part in spelling.
For example, in anthropology, morphological knowledge has been obtained through the factor analysis of correlations among the measured traits of human bones and the factor analysis of measured traits of animals and plants.
A possible explanation for this developmental pattern is, once children already has some morphological knowledge derived from oral language, when they begin to read (by phonological recoding), they tend to "sound out" the words and to recover their meaning after it, and this would lead to a higher benefit from the semantic aspects of morphemes.
Where possible, individuals were identified to species according to the current morphological knowledge of the genus.
This could have important implications for ABE programs because explicitly teaching adults to understand morphological rules and how to decompose words into constituent morphemes could improve their morphological awareness, vocabulary knowledge, and subsequently reading comprehension skills.
Leveraging this consistent framework, we introduce OntoSearch, a powerful functionality that seamlessly enables retrieval of morphological data based on expert knowledge and logical inferences through an intuitive string-based user interface with auto-complete capability.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com