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As an alternative to morphological imaging methods there has previously been some interest in using functional bone-specific imaging methods such as 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate (MDP) scintigraphy.
When applied to assess tumor response to nCRT, purely morphological imaging methods can yield equivocal results, overestimating the local tumor extension [ 11].
The initial study by Hoegerle et al. [ 22] compared, in 11 MTC patients, FDOPA PET with the established functional and morphological imaging methods, including FDG PET.
The current definition of tumor response is based on the measurement of changes in tumor size as determined with morphological imaging methods.
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Further, imaging methods beyond morphological CT/MRI may be more sensitive to the pathological changes in RBT, such as shearing effects from blast injuries [ 12].
Micro-hemorrhages on SWI may provide additional morphological changes not seen using conventional imaging methods.
In addition to morphological characteristics and measuring endothelial proliferation, imaging methods such as DCE, MRI, or PET (positron emission tomography) probes for hypoxia will be important to monitor vessel co-option/angiogenesis status in tumors prior to and during treatment.
The imaging methods cover structural MRI, functional MRI, diffusion-weighted imaging, and diffusion tensor imaging.
In locally advanced breast cancer (LABC), the assessment of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with conventional imaging methods is often inaccurate or slow because it depends on morphological criteria.
However, as mentioned above, some serum markers such as IgG4 level may be normal in some patients, and conventional imaging methods also have limitations in monitoring the disease since they only reflect morphological features.
Now new imaging methods show that the brain processes traumatic memories very differently than normal ones.
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