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This morphological divergence has been argued to be the result of ecological character displacement between F. teydea and F. coelebs [13], [17].
It combines a rich background on development and genetics of the teeth based on laboratory mice (e.g. [7], [19], [20]) and good knowledge of wild populations including numerous islands where marked morphological divergence has occurred in very short time [21], [22], [23].
Further, morphological divergence has been documented in certain sympatric localities for some of these systems [ 29, 45, 46, 69]; but see [ 70].
Our molecular data on P. caudatus reveal a conserved ecdysozoan gut-patterning program and demonstrates that extreme morphological divergence has not been accompanied by major molecular innovations in transcriptional regulators during digestive system evolution in the Ecdysozoa.
In B. oleracea, morphological divergence has been unusually rapid relative to reproductive isolation, i.e., this single species has a stunning range of morphologies among genotypes that are readily intercrossed.
Similar(55)
Furthermore, we did not find evidence that the observed morphological divergence had a heritable component.
The discrepancy between short branch lengths in phylogenetic trees inferred from mt data and a large extent of morphological divergence can have several explanations.
The divergence has widened in recent years.
Ours is the first study of interlacustrine (among-lake) divergence of body morphology in roach of which we are aware, but similar morphological divergence between lakes has been reported for populations of three-spined sticklebacks in Alaska, USA [ 51].
Between sister species pairs we expect high morphological divergence where speciation has happened in sympatry (adaptive) while with geographic (vicariant) speciation we may expect to find less morphological divergence and a greater degree of allopatry.
The evolution of damselfishes exemplifies a case of reticulate adaptive radiation [ 3] in which morphological divergence at speciation has been associated with the repeated convergence on a limited number of ecotypes: algivory, omnivory and planktivory.
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