Ipk-2-deficient mice die around embryonic day 9.5 with multiple morphological defects, including abnormal folding of the neural tube [ 51].
Ducts within Int6sh-expressing mammary glands, that did not develop tumors, showed multiple morphological defects including decreased secondary branching and termination at blood vessels (data not shown).
A nearly lethal atchr12/ atchr23 double mutant containing weak allele displayed a variety of severe pleiotropic morphological defects, including poor maintenance of shoot and root meristems [ 19].
We found that both rpm-1 and ptrn-1 L4 animals have similar PLM morphological defects, including neurite overextensions that target the ventral nerve cord, and the absence of collateral presynaptic varicosities.
Like BG01648 homozygous mutants, T155- Smr1 females also show egg-laying defects: not only do they produce fewer eggs, their laid embryos (∼46%, n = 52) also exhibit severe morphological defects, including scarred egg shells and shortened dorsal appendages (Fig. 2F).
In fact, by using light microscopy analysis they observed both in human and animal model the same morphological defects, including complete or partial absence of the mitochondrial sheath, coiled tails, several flagella, and bicephalic sperm [ 19].
For phenytoin and iAs, observed morphological defects included abnormalities in the head fold region, microcephaly, anterior neural tube defects, and gross facial deformities.
These morphological defects included an increased number of neurites per cell, splitting of the leading processes and absence of an obvious axonal growth cone.
Other morphological defects included small sepals, narrow and inwardly curled sepals, and rarely, sepal-like blades on a narrow-filamentous base.
In C. elegans, some of the cell cycle mutants show morphological and behavioral defects including Stu and Emb (Abnormal EMBryogenesis).
In vitro observation of Δ ZtCBR1 strains revealed various morphological and biochemical defects including reduced spore size, reduced filamentous growth and almost a complete lack of asexual sporulation at the end of the infection cycle in planta.
