The morphological dataset incorporated in the present study is an expanded version of that published by Geisler and Sanders [ 2] and is composed of 304 phenotypic characters scored from 29 extant and 45 extinct operational taxonomic units (OTUs; Table 1).
With this correction, and using either PAUP [ 23] or NONA [ 27] under the analytical defaults of POY 2.7 [ 28] (e.g., polymorphisms treated as missing data), the morphological dataset published in appendix 1 of [ 17] yields the reported 4 trees at 1088 steps.
Morphological datasets come in many forms, from the isotropic CT tomographic stacks, through colour optically-captured grinding/sawing/microtomy stacks, to point-cloud laser-scanning data and photogrammetry-generated textured polygons.
In none of these three cases are the results of the present analysis congruent with recent molecular analyses (e.g., [27], [29]), but strongly conflicting signals in the morphological dataset appear to be absent.
Phenotypic variation in our morphological dataset is affected by both genetics and environment, whereas fish from the kinematic dataset would have been less influenced by environment.
Blomberg's K and Pagel's λ statistics of phylogenetic signal for the clownfish morphological dataset and host usage MCA in the posterior distributions of phylograms and chronograms.
Although our morphological dataset failed to resolve basic thecostracan radiation in the MP analysis, we did identify apomorphies in support of the monophyly of the three major groups.
The morphological dataset includes 304 characters with a focus on variation in the skull region.
Subsequent work by the Grass Phylogeny Working Group GPWGG) [ 2] addressed weak support within and among the grass subfamilies by making use of informative characters in seven molecular datasets along with a morphological dataset.
nov. The large morphological dataset provides information on the diversity and distribution of morphological traits in Ditrysia, and can be used in future research on the evolution of these traits, in identification keys and in identification of fossil Lepidoptera.
