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Taxa in "other suggested calibration points" either vary in their position among combined analyses of molecules and morphology or have been placed based on phylogenetic analysis of morphological data only.
The remaining four calibration points are deemed less reliable because they are based on phylogenetic analyses of morphological data only.
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Tomographic techniques provide not simply a faster and more convenient means of extracting morphological data, but for certain fossils the only feasible means of imaging morphology at all.
Previous systematic arrangement on the ciliate order Urostylida was mainly based on morphological data and only about 20% taxa were analyzed using molecular phylogenetic analyses.
This might be useful not only for morphological data matrices that only contain variable sites but also for alignments of SNPs.
For 52 taxa there are only morphological data, for 153 taxa only DNA data, and for 268 terminal taxa there are both morphological and molecular data.
The dearth of analyses focusing simultaneously on morphology and molecular data is troubling because morphological data are the only characters available for much of the Tree of Life, and their use is indispensable (Wiens, 2005, 2009).
With one exception, all previous studies have based their morphological data on immunocytochemistry only.
The ascertainment bias correction option (Lewis correction) was selected for partitions of morphological data, which include only variable characters.
Although published mitochondrial phylogenies of the mouthbrooding tribes encompass representative species samples [[ 9- 11, 26, 27], and unpublished data), striking incongruencies with behavioral, ecological and morphological data were detected only in the tribes Tropheini [ 26, 28, 29] and Eretmodini [ 30].
He used both morphological and molecular characters, but had only morphological data for Oryzomys hammondi.
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