The aim of this paper is to discuss and evaluate the differences of fuel usage and transport sector interaction in Italian urban scenarios, taking into account geographical and morphological constraints, and to compare the forecasts for 2020 and 2030scenarios, in accordance with European and National laws in force.
The convergence in the mechanistic basis of seed shattering among these weedy rice groups may indicate certain genetic or morphological constraints inherent to re-evolving the shattering trait after its loss through domestication.
Laternula species are conservative in shell form and habitat suggesting they share morphological constraints at different latitudes [ 32].
In the context of functional processes, morphological constraints are due to interactions within and between different structures and both biotic and abiotic selection pressures [ 2- 4].
The behavioral implications of these morphological constraints may be relevant to the use of active electro-orientation/navigation [20], [25], [27] among different species.
Since there is a significant correlation between an increase in phase II facets and decrease in lingual phase I areas, this change could be partly related to morphological constraints rather than feeding habits.
Despite lacking certain morphological structures that humans use to articulate speech sounds (e.g., having a beak instead of lips), some animals can overcome morphological constraints that might seem to preclude production of human sounds, as long as neuronal circuitry specialized for perceiving and reproducing an acoustic signal is available.
Due to genitalic morphological constraints between the two species, introgression is likely to be unidirectional with female L. sinapis potentially inseminated by male L. reali [ 36, 44].
This study further uncovers a genetic relationship between sensory morphology and non-neural traits (bony lateral plates), creating an opportunity to investigate morphological constraints on sensory evolution in a vertebrate model system.
Further work will be required to assess whether these differences represent primary changes or whether they are secondary effects due to other morphological constraints.
