JAD elaborated the morphological character statements, participated in the scoring of morphological matrices, wrote substantial portion of the discussion section and helped to draft the manuscript.
The different genera are morphologically and ecologically highly divergent, with no known diagnostic morphological characters.
MM initiated the study, participated in its design and coordination, carried out the DNA sequencing work, performed the sequence alignment, and sampled the morphological characters.
EK participated in the design of the study, carried out ML and BI phylogenetic analyses and statistical tests, reconstructed the evolution of morphological characters, and drafted the manuscript.
Nevertheless, the morphological characters of lichens suggest a high degree of coevolutionary adaptation of all participants.
Molecular characters can often be identified less ambiguously than morphological characters.
Species were identified according to their morphological characters.
All measurements of morphological characters are summarized in Table 2.
Data was recorded on various morphological characters after 8 months.
The morphological characters of immature insects of 24 orders were described, and illustrations of larval morphological characters, and keys to 16 representative families, were provided.
