Altogether, PASE development in vitro recapitulates the progressive, asymmetric morphogenesis, and cell fate patterning observed during peri- and post-implantation human amniotic sac development (Fig. 4c).
These observations clearly reveal the role of several poorly characterized transcripts associated with nervous system development, RNA metabolism, cell cycle, organelle and chromatin organization, regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis and cell differentiation, during lens development.
In this study, we demonstrate that when cultured in a biomimetic 3D system, hPSC can self-organize to model multiple human embryogenic events, including the morphogenesis and cell fate patterning of the amniotic sac as well as posterior PS formation.
Information about molecular mechanisms shows the importance of fibronectin and integrins during tissue morphogenesis and cell differentiation, as well as their cooperation with growth factors to mediate changes in cell behaviors.
On the other hand, Lcc1 is involved in hyphal morphogenesis and cell wall synthesis in L. edodes (Nakade et al. 2011).
The dominant GO categories included ectoderm development, epidermis development, regulation of cell cycle, organogenesis, morphogenesis and cell proliferation.
These findings indicated that Dkk1, directly or indirectly, is required for proper VM morphogenesis and cell distribution.
Correct positioning of polarity axis in response to internal or external cues is central to cellular morphogenesis and cell fate determination.
IGF2 and IGFBP4 were not included in categories related to neural development, but were assigned to organ morphogenesis and cell growth.
These responses are important in mediating a wide range of biological activities, including angiogenesis, cell segregation, cell attachment, cell morphogenesis, and cell motility [11].
For the eight growth factors evaluated the cellular processes affected in common (Figure 5) included changes in cell contact, morphogenesis, and cell proliferation and differentiation.
