The results showed that the pastes with PLS lost workability more slowly and had longer initial setting time compared with those with PCE and PNS admixtures.
The polycarboxylate-based superplasticizer showed retarding effect on alkali-activated fly ash/slag pastes with negligible effect on the heat of hydration, and improved the workability more significantly than naphthalene-based superplasticizer.
However, the multimodal powder was more effective in workability than the unimodal alumina, so the bulk density was greatly increased and apparent porosity was decreased as shown in Figure 2. Reduction of the apparent porosity of the castable should lead to a lower hot slag and metal penetration, reduced spalling, and therefore, increased lining life in steel-making applications.
Bundled diagonal reinforcement allows more internal space, enhancing workability and allowing simple construction, compared with code-specified diagonal reinforcement in which spacers are needed to maintain the gaps between separate diagonal bars.
Besides, PMAMP with higher molecular weigh is more capable of maintaining the workability along with elapsed time.
Compared with a commercial sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde superplasticizer (SNF), PMAMP appears to be more effective in promoting concrete workability and preventing the slump loss.
A grounded theory model is never right or wrong; such a model only has more or less fit, relevance, workability and modifiability (ibid).
A GT is never right or wrong, it just has more or less fit, relevance, workability and modifiability, and readers of this article are asked to try its quality according to these principles.
A classic grounded theory is never right or wrong, it just has more or less fit, relevance, workability and modifiability, and readers of this paper are asked to assess its quality according to these principles.
