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In Robo1 −/−;Robo2 −/− double knock out mutants, CT axons separate into two groups, one group targeting at the prethalamus but in a more ventral path; the other group which contains the majority of CT neurons crossing the midline after going through the internal capsule nuclei.
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It may be that words rely more on the anterior ventral path, but it is also possible that this path originates from a more anterior part of LOT (see further).
This is consistent with the current study, both with the finding that Kanji up-regulates connectivity overall through the ventral path, and more specifically with the increase in reciprocal connectivity between V1 and vOT.
Together, in terms of DRC, these observations imply that the ventral path implicated in lexical reading and associated with acquired surface dyslexia actually involves a more anterior segment than the one discussed here.
These neural stem cells are bordered by both the neural crest domain, and the more ventral neural (N, blue) cells, which only express neural genes.
(h) Vagal (X) and more ventral occipital (Oc) motor columns that extended from spinal cord into the hindbrain (also see f, g).
In contrast, the grid cells of progressively more ventral MEC display more coarse-scale grids (see figure).
As for pseudoword reading, information is indeed processed via the dorsal path (LP→IFG), but this is done via the posterior ventral path first (MOG→LOT→LP).
In a nutshell, as hypothesized, results show that visual information accesses from MOG both the ventral path (to LOT) and the dorsal path (to LP), and that pseudoword reading engages strongly the anterior dorsal path (LP→IFG).
Despite parallel dorsal/ventral processing, only trafficking to the dorsal path (word pathway) is selective for words; this is further supported by the association between connectivity for this path (and not ventral path) and high reading performance (Figure 2, blue full arrow).
However, we demonstrate that the latter involves a detour via the posterior ventral path (LOT) that is likely crucial to orthographic processing.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com