While social stimuli were mainly associated with amygdala activation, the thalamus was more strongly activated by the presentation of monetary rewards.
In the case of weak FI, there is weak competition between the HNCs; thus, the activity in the 'winning' HNC (the one that happened to be more strongly activated, or to contain stronger connections) is not significantly affected by the activity of the other HNCs.
Pre-exposure to type I interferons, however, reprograms STAT activation by IL-10 such that STAT1 is more strongly activated by IL-10 in these cells, resulting in induction of a group of STAT1-dependent genes and thereby a gain of inflammatory function [ 56].
Since this cortical zone was more strongly activated by the first level of coherence (collinear stimuli), but less active in response to meaningful stimuli, we could potentially discern top-down effects that result in an increase in activity (with collinearity as a modulatory effect) and effects that result in a decrease in activity (with meaning as a modulatory effect).
Specifically, Binder et al. (1996) demonstrated in their fMRI study that the left supramarginal gyrus was more strongly activated by nonlinguistic stimuli (tone sequences) than by words when subjects performed active listening tasks involving tone sequence analysis in comparison to analysis of words.
Several studies have found higher striatal activation during positive feedback than during negative, whereas no areas were more strongly activated during negative feedback than during positive (e.g., [ 9- 11]).
These same areas were more strongly activated for actions involving the contralateral hand.
Imaging results revealed, among others, three regions of particular interest as selectively more strongly activated when subjects interacted with their friends than with other peers and celebrities: the amygdala and hippocampus, the nucleus accumbens, and the ventro-medial prefrontal cortex.
To address this, we first mapped body-selective activations in the visual cortex of four rhesus monkeys in a block design fMRI study and identified two regions in the middle and anterior Superior Temporal Sulcus (STS) that were more strongly activated by monkey bodies compared to well-controlled manmade objects.
And top that with new research that indicates that brain circuits involved with reward are more strongly activated in people with bipolar disorder.
In their study, both structures were more strongly activated when participants categorized prosodic emotion as compared to when they categorized speaker sex.
