For example, patients with COPD had more severe obstruction and included more current or former smokers.
As stated in Table 1, the SDA group presented more severe obstruction than the NSDA group.
More severe obstruction was associated with mortality, but the risk was increased less compared to patients aged 65-75 years; severe obstruction defined according to the BTS criteria was associated with the greatest increase in risk (MRR: 2.83, 95% CI: 1.43 - 5.60).
After adjustment for age, gender, smoking exposure and FVC, the MRR for mortality associated with BTS-rated mild obstruction was no more statistically significant, while those associated with more severe obstruction were reduced, but still statistically significant.
Observational studies suggest that ETS exposure is related to more severe airflow obstruction in adult asthmatics [22], [46], [47].
Similar to COPDGene, emphysema-predominant subjects had more severe airflow obstruction.
Subjects with PPMs on qPCR had more severe airflow obstruction and increased CFU but not total 16S (Table 1).
Still, in some cases, there can be more severe respiratory obstruction or failure to thrive, necessitating some other form of intervention [ 16].
In addition to sinusoidal dilatation, more severe sinusoidal obstruction syndrome is associated with features such as nodular regenerative hyperplasia, peliosis, and parenchymal extinction.
Multivariate analysis showed that more severe airway obstruction, advanced clinical staging, and higher age, were independent factors associated with the decision on thoracic surgery.
