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Most dyes are fixed by steaming or aging, by a batch or continuous method, and more rapid fixation is effected by flash aging e.g., allowing a shorter steaming period by employing smaller machines.
The small effective population sizes of these bacteria would predict more rapid fixation of nonsynonymous mutations due to drift and hence generate higher average ratios of dN to dS [ 33].
The lack of overt calyx swelling contrasts with our previous observations with this model (Seoane et al., 2001b, 2003); the more rapid fixation procedure used in the present study, in which we used a fast immersion procedure instead of the intra-cardiac perfusion used in the previous studies, probably accounts for this difference.
The extremely long branch leading to Clade B Harvey in all gene trees indicates rapid evolution of the entire genome for this isolate, perhaps indicative of a small population size leading to more rapid fixation of mutations or relaxed purifying selection.
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Local adaptations in heterogeneous environments likely lead to smaller population sizes and thus more rapid loss or fixation of novel characters [ 67].
During the period of two years, patients who underwent indirect reduction and percutaneous fixation had a more rapid return of function and a better functional outcome than those who underwent open reduction and internal fixation, provided that the intra-articular step and gap deformity were minimised.
Taken together these processes can lead to more rapid (than in the classical picture) fixation of an advantageous allele.
Did it involve the rapid fixation of one or more mutations with effects of a magnitude similar to the p.D273RfsX13 MSTN mutation?
Selection on completely recessive allele results in a gradual initial change in AF with more rapid change in later generations and eventual fixation.
That mechanism indeed occurred, again, much more strongly for UGS than WGS. Figure 3F also shows that marker fixation per season is more rapid under GS (both weighted and unweighted) than under PS: because GS selects on markers, it is more likely to cause markers to go to fixation than PS.
In addition, the mitochondrial molecule has an effective population size four times lower than the nuclear markers, and therefore is more subjected to the effect of genetic drift, leading to a rapid fixation of the most common alleles in populations that are spatially fragmented or that experience low migration rates.
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