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It's tempting to think of the mind as a layer that sits on top of more primitive cognitive structures.
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Among philosophers of emotion, Griffiths (1997, 2003, 2004) in particular has lamented the overinclusivity of the modern category of "emotion" and argued that it should be divided into two subcategories: the more primitive "affect programs" and the "higher cognitive emotions" (cf. Elster, 1999; Rorty, 2004).
On the other hand, arousal may be a less specific, more primitive response, prioritising orienting of attention and preparation for action, and so may be more non-cognitive than many (if not all) of the other components of our emotional experiences.
The new view is that our Western life-drawing tradition is a neat bit of cognitive jujitsu; the sophisticated "optical" rendering of generalized regions and nuanced shade actually represents the more "primitive" mental map.
Less schooled; more primitive.
"The more primitive the better for me.
It's more primitive, in a sense, like keypunches.
Indeed, it is more primitive than the original.
So why buy a more primitive e-book reader?
The more primitive species have perennial, green shoots.
The Mahars' first efforts to protect Katie were more primitive.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com