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Development of more ordered phase can be observed above the critical thickness of about 150 nm.
Firstly, an initial set of random configurations of molecules is transformed into a more ordered phase, where most molecules are elongated along the applied field direction.
All the polyimides except PMDA-ODA revealed relatively higher diffusion coefficient of water, higher water sorption, lower intermolecular packing order and lower population of a more ordered phase in the PAE-derived polyimide films than the corresponding PAA-derived polyimide films.
15, 16, 35, 41 It is to be expected that an underlying more ordered phase could have a considerable influence on the temperature dependence of the elastic coefficients, especially the bend constant, close to a smectic phase transition.
The subsequent melting shows enantiotropic behaviour but, interestingly, the more ordered phase presents a considerably low undercooling.
CD spectra showed that by increasing the surfactant concentration, ssDNA undergoes a continuous conformational transition from native B-form to a more ordered phase (Z+/Z− ≤ 3) and then to a less ordered phase (Z+/Z− ≥ 4), which confirmed the results obtained by fluorimetry and SLS measurements.
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At 6°C there is less variance in the center of the particles than at 37°C, reflecting the more ordered smectic phase of the CE molecules at 6°C in comparison to the liquid-like organization at the physiological temperature.
X-ray measurements of the smectic materials, oriented in a magnetic field, proved the SA1 phase to be a dominant one for these new mesomorphic polymers; however, generation of SAd and more ordered SB phases was also detected.
The diminished heterogeneity of products of partial digestion of chromatin from DT40 PolyLacO-λ HIRA-LacI cells could reflect more ordered nucleosome phasing.
This indicates the formation of a new dynamical phase considerably more ordered than the background state.
It is indicated that a fast crystallization in the nematic phase forms relatively more ordered crystals, which melt at higher temperature, and a slow crystallization in the isotropic phase or in the biphasic melt produces poor crystals, which melt at lower temperature.
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