Sentence examples for more optimal codon from inspiring English sources

CAI values range from 0 to 1.0 with higher values indicating more optimal codon usage.

However, multiple comparison tests show that the CAIs for D. mojavensis and D. grimshawi are significantly greater (indicating more optimal codon usage) than those for D. melanogaster and D. erecta for both the F element genes (median 0.409 0.412 vs. 0.185 0.188) and the D element genes (median 0.483 0.510 vs. 0.372 0.397).

Further, as the X chromosome is known to have a more optimal codon usage than the autosomes [ 43], we tested whether there are any significant differences in codon usage between expressed genes that are strongly bound and weakly bound by the MSL-complex.

If the translation efficiency explanation for genes [ 21] carries over to eukaryotes, genes with positive GC3 skew have more G3 in mRNA and therefore more optimal codons.

The codon best recognized by the anti-codon is preferred in highly expressed genes and may be translated faster than non-optimal codons with the consequence that ribosomes move faster along a mRNA molecule containing more optimal codons.

We did find that in EIGs, high CUB genes are more biased in using optimal codons than low CUB genes (RSCU values of optimal codons are larger in high CUB genes than low CUB genes in most cases and high CUB genes preferentially use more optimal codons; Additional file 5: Table S4).

For example, for de novo mutations found in patients with schizophrenia, the opposite shift from less optimal to more optimal codons was observed (see more details in our response #3 to Dr. Smalheiser below), and in this case, random mutations under the same model also exhibit such a shift.

This reflects the fact that the total cost of a protein increases less than linearly with its expression level because more highly expressed genes have more nearly optimal codon usage at equilibrium.

We also find that most of the D. mojavensis F element genes have CAI values that are higher than those for a gene with equal codon usage (dotted line in Figure 6C), indicating a more optimal pattern of codon usage compared to F element genes in D. melanogaster and D. erecta.

The six amino acids for which there were more than one optimal codon included alanine, leucine, proline, serine, threonine and valine.

Although F element genes for all four species exhibit smaller deviations from uniform codon usage (i.e., low Nc) than D element genes, we find that D. mojavensis and D. grimshawi genes show a more optimal pattern of codon usage (i.e., greater CAI) than D. melanogaster and D. erecta genes in both the F and D elements.