Patients with familial testicular cancer had bilateral tumours more often than sporadic cases (9.8% bilaterality in familial vs 2.8% in sporadic cases, P=0.02).
Patients with familial iNPH reported a complete triad of NPH-symptoms (p=0.03) and memory problems (p=0.014) more often than sporadic cases.
Its two major clinical illnesses, meningitis and meningococcemia (i.e., sepsis caused by meningococcal infection), occur more often as sporadic cases, but occasional outbreaks are an important cause of illness and death worldwide.
Familial cases carried the DR4-DQ8 haplotype more often than sporadic cases, implying that the enrichment of HLA class II associated genetic risk might play a role in familial clustering of the disease.
Tumours from familial non- BRCA1/ BRCA2 patients were similar to sporadic ones, although they were of lower stage and CK-14 was expressed more often than among sporadic tumours (Table 2).
As hypothesized, the index cases with affected relatives in the extended family, especially among second-degree relatives, carried the DR4-DQ8 haplotype more often than the sporadic cases.
Breast cancer associated with this mutation has characteristic histopathological features: (i) the expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors is less frequently demonstrable, (ii) the grade of histopathological malignancy is higher and (iii) accumulation of p53 protein is observed more often than in sporadic cases of this malignancy [ 8, 9].
The poor prognosis in BRCA1 carriers may be consistent with the histological characteristics usually described for BRCA1-associated breast cancer, which show higher histologic grade and cancers that are more often hormone receptor-negative than sporadic breast cancer cases [ 9- 12].
Cyclin B1 expression among BRCA2-related tumours did not significantly differ from expression among tumours of sporadic or familial non-BRCA1/2 patients but tumours of sporadic patients showed more often cyclin B1 expression above 10% than tumours of familial non-BRCA1/2 patients (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1 2.7, P=0.02).
It would arrive late more often, yield less water, become more sporadic, or dump rain in shorter, more destructive bursts (which happened two years ago in Pakistan, where the Indus basin disastrously flooded).
