The real question, then, is, Why should imprecise and often dangerous predictors (like SAT results) be morally acceptable but more precise methods (like genes) be morally repugnant?
But subsequent work has shown that there are conditions in which local extinction and recolonization serves more like gene flow, redistributing genetic variation among groups and dampening the effects of drift among subpopulations [51], [55] [58].
A total of 33 chromatophore-derived nuclear genes have been detected in two Paulinella species thus far; in terms of G+C content, these genes are more like nuclear genes than chromatophore genes, and at least some of them have spliceosomal introns (a hallmark of nuclear genes) [ 2, 3, 18, 19].
The resultant annotation was searched by using specific keywords (e.g. phage, integrase, tail, capsid, terminase, portal, head, neck, fiber), and for the positive matches a neighbor analysis was performed in order to find more phage-like genes.
Two more SQUA-like genes, GSQUA5 and GSQUA6, were identified from a Gerbera EST collection [ 29].
Using degenerate PCR and database mining, eight more SERK-like genes have been identified and these have been shown to be expressed.
Many eukaryote genes are similar to archaeal genes, while mitochondrial genes look more like bacterial genes.
Second, we tested the hypothesis that nourishment level relates to caste-related gene expression; specifically that low nourishment is associated with more worker-like gene expression patterns, and high nourishment is associated with more gyne-like expression patterns.
If continuous partial exposure to this environment contributes to the maintenance of the multiple resistance phenotype, then the variation is not so cryptic and these genes are more like cryptic genes in Hall's sense [ 14].
GL26 exhibited more stem-like gene and protein expression (Figs. 1A; 2B; 3A, B; Fig. S2A), as well as GSC functions including cyclopamine sensitivity (Fig. 3C), chemoresistance (Fig. 4A, B), and enhanced tumorigenesis in wild-type hosts (Fig. 4C), after exposure to anti-tumor CTL activity derived from either endogenous or vaccine-induced T cell responses.
