A positive effect of diversity on survival mediated via niche partitioning should also be expressed more strongly under high density conditions that impose more intense competition for resources [7], [30].
Although both hypotheses propose ecologically different mechanisms, they implicitly assume that functional characteristics of particular plant species and functional differences among co-occurring plant species are responsible for the more intense exploitation of resources at higher diversity levels.
Possibly, this is via more intense competition over resources or it could be mediated via higher levels of testosterone or stress hormones in high density areas which have been shown to supress the immune system [ 33].
Finally, evolutionary distance relates to functional distance along a single trait axis or within a multivariate space at species-pairwise level, which can result in more intense competition for resources between closely related than between more distantly related species (Cahill et al. 2008; Cadotte et al. 2013).
It leads to more intense scrabble for the resource lying in the position of the producer and more rangers who will disperse with longer step by LW in the searching space.
We specifically tested two predictions: first, that disruptive selection may be common within certain systems, and second, that disruptive selection would be more intense under conditions of greater resource competition.
First, as carnivores become increasingly common in any given pond, and as competition among carnivores for the limited shrimp resource thereby becomes more intense, negative frequency-dependent selection favors omnivores [ 43].
The more intense the learning, the quicker these resources are consumed, meaning students can become overburdened even sooner.
Add continued climate change to the equation, and the struggle for resources only becomes more intense.
The pressure on in-house counsel to deliver better services using fewer resources has never been more intense.
