If the GC content of phages and their hosts become more similar during extended co-evolution, the difference between the GC content of ZZ1 gene 23 and the GC content of gene 23 in the phage T4 and JS98 presumably reflects the differences in host range, GC content, and life history of the respective hosts.
As more host genomes become available, and as costs of equipment, reagents, and bioinformatics software decline, such methods promise to enter the diagnostic mainstream, as a complement to traditional morphologic and molecular approaches.
Infected hosts become infectious at rate εh.
As the reservoir of infection in canine hosts becomes larger and more dispersed, the possibility increases that conditions will lead to exposure of competent vectors and subsequent vectorborne transmission.
Thus, as the host becomes more anaemic, the more these genotypes invest in transmission.
Therefore, as an invading host becomes more abundant in the community (and more frequently encountered by the pathogen), we expect an increase in the frequency of those pathogen genotypes most able to infect and reproduce on the dominant host species, leading to increased disease incidence or severity.
As the use of virtualized hosting becomes more widespread, application-level systems need to be updated to better respond to previously unexpected changes in the hosting environment.
Given that pathogenesis is the outcome of microbe-host interactions, the impact of any virulence effector is likely more severe when the host becomes stressed.
The former Fox News host became even more widely known after she settled a highly publicized sexual harassment lawsuit against executives at Fox in 2016.
During the acute phase of infection the host becomes progressively more anaemic as the parasite utilizes RBC to establish itself.
