rubrum produces more highly dissected leaves with more prominent teeth [45], [46].
Leaves in the Rhode Island garden have more teeth and are more highly dissected than leaves in Florida from the same seed source.
In general, plants growing in the colder Rhode Island garden and seeds native to colder climates produce leaves that have more teeth (Figs. 2, 3D F) and are more highly dissected (Figs. 2, 3A C; low shape factor, high compactness and perimeter ratio).
In short, plants growing in the colder Rhode Island garden produce leaves that have more teeth and are more highly dissected than genetically-similar plants grown in Florida (Figs. 2, 3A F; Table 2); moreover, these patterns mostly hold regardless of seed source (Table 2).
Few correlations with MAT were found within Q. kelloggii, but within A. rubrum there were strong correlations that mirrored the across-species site-level patterns of Royer et al. [27]: plants growing in colder climates tend to have leaves that are more highly dissected and contain more teeth.
An even larger share of the variance in tooth count and leaf dissection variables can be explained by seed source (69 87%; Table 3), with plants from colder seed sources producing more highly dissected leaves with more, but smaller teeth (Table 2).
