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Exons of lower GC content tend to be more frequently spliced in both species.
This seems to suggest that exons of lower GC content tend to be more frequently spliced in both species.
Such exons may have originated from old repeated sequences, with splicing sites altered by mutation, and gained functions with time, and eventually became more frequently spliced.
Furthermore, G1 group seemed to contain exons with length greater than 300 nt for a remarkably higher proportion (human: 25.01 %; mouse: 26.08 %) than G2 (human: 11.04 %; mouse: 8.72 %), G3 (human: 7.39 %; mouse: 9.71 %), and G4 group (human: 4.92 %; mouse: 5.05 %), suggesting that shorter exons have a tendency to be more frequently spliced.
Our findings have revealed for the first time that certain factors may have critical influence on the splicing frequency, suggesting that exons with lower splicing frequencies may originate from old repetitive sequences, with splicing sites altered by mutation, gaining novel functions and become more frequently spliced.
Therefore, it may be concluded that repetitive elements have important contributions to the creation of ASEs during the evolution, and that exons with the largest amount of repetitive elements are initially driven to be spliced with the lowest splicing frequency, and became more frequently spliced through the evolution.
Similar(53)
Finally, genome-wide functional profiling of spliced-out domains has revealed that a number of domain types, e.g. protein-binding domains, are more frequently spliced-out by AS than expected by chance [ 19].
The observation that slowly evolving genes tend to be more frequently alternatively spliced compared to moderately and rapidly evolving genes has been made in [ 16].
Clearly, repetitive elements in G1 type exons are more abundant than other groups in both species, and there was a downtrend for the proportions of exons with repetitive element along with the increase in splicing frequencies, suggesting that frequently spliced exons tend to avoid from holding repetitive elements than infrequently spliced ones.
That said, frequently spliced exons tend to be shorter and lower in GC content.
In the case of exon 9 ASEs, 4 or 5 of the 33 ASEs are spliced more frequently than others in a number of tissues [ 23, 43].
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