The results show that highly-cited work in all scientific fields more frequently cites previously highly-cited papers than that medium-cited work cites highly-cited work.
The Newton hypothesis would be supported if the top-level research more frequently cites previously highly-cited work than that medium-level research cites highly-cited work.
While it might be expected that impediments would be more frequently cited by non-users than users of technologies, the opposite occurs.
Much more frequently cited are "alcohol, various prescription drugs, and cocaine", she said, with occasional instances where "marijuana is used in conjunction with other things".
But if they survived, they were more successful — they were valued higher at their initial public offering or acquisition, they held more patents, and those patents were more frequently cited.
Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852-1934) is widely thought of as the founder of modern neuroscience; and his work is more frequently cited than that of any other scientist in the field.
"The elevator problem is only one of many issues," he said, referring to one of the more frequently cited problems that could occur at midnight at the beginning of 2000: some computer-guided elevators could simply stop in their tracks.
That said, the Japanese can take some solace from a far better success rate in having patents granted and in their patents being more frequently cited by other patents.The economic crisis caused many firms to cut R&D spending.
Studies mentioning that the findings were possibly or likely affected by confounding were more frequently cited than studies with a statement that findings were unlikely affected (median 6.3 vs. 4.0 citations per year, P = 0.04).Many observational studies lack satisfactory discussion of confounding bias.
Some even reckon that this latest generation of strings has had a greater influence on opening up the game to the relentlessly aggressive brand of tennis that Nadal specialises in, and with which he finally subdued Fernando Verdasco in Friday's marathon semi-final, than the more frequently cited space-age materials used in racket manufacture.
