When applying the self-salience and psychopathology it is predicted that boys will be more vulnerable to the influences of parenting on the externalizing disorders, whereas girls will be more vulnerable to the parental influences on emotional disorder-anxiety, an internalizing disorder, regardless of the parenting construct in question.
The insomnia and the bruxism are factors of chronification and aggravation of headache.We found the significant correlation between headache and emotional disorders.In the M with CM there are externalizing disorders (10%, 66% of CTT show both internalizing and externalizing disorders, and 18% have externalizing disorders.
Patients who reported more features of personality disorders, were rated as displaying more externalizing behaviour was observed by the nurses (unsatisfied, complaining, angry), and as having lower scores on the Global Assessment of Functioning.
We included measure of externalizing problems since previous research has shown high comorbidity between depressive and externalizing disorders in adolescents [ 60] and since boys more often express their psychological problems or stress by showing externalizing problems [ 2].
In contrast, patients with externalizing disorders boost their self-esteem by externalizing their problems.
Partly because of the difficult distinction between normal anxiety in children and symptoms of an anxiety disorder, plus the different manifestation of anxiety in children (more externalizing than internalizing).
Findings regarding externalizing problems were contrary to previous research suggesting that adolescents who report more externalizing problems are more likely to initiate sexual intercourse early (Donenberg et al., 2003).
This lower use of anti-depressants may be partly explained by differences in timing of the study periods, but is probably more likely to be explained by cross cultural differences in medical practice, including the attention paid to internalizing versus externalizing disorders.
We outline general screening measures for psychiatric disorder, for emotional and externalizing disorders, for eating disorders, autism and for self-esteem.
Recently, a study comparing headache patients and patients with recurrent abdominal pain did not find differences by the psychological point of view (internalizing vs. externalizing disorders) [44].
