These individuals may require repeated exposure, larger inoculums, or more efficient routes of exposure in order to become infected.
Apportioning the sources of variability in urinary phthalate metabolite levels can be used to design more valid and efficient exposure assessments.
Several investigations have shown that counter-matching on a correlate of exposure is more efficient than simple random sampling for assessing exposure dose response and gene exposure interactions over a wide range of situations [ 37, 41- 43].
This is probably due to the more efficient measurement of sun exposure (Rosso et al, 2002) which has rendered the qualitative-only sunburn indicator inadequate: the strong link between sunburn and an intermittent pattern of sun exposure variables cancelled-out the sunburn indicator in the multivariate analysis.
Furthermore, brief, repeated exposures are more efficient at producing vitamin D. "Longer sun exposures cause further sun damage to skin and increase the risk of photo-aging and skin cancer, but do not increase vitamin D production," she explains.
Future studies should focus on more sophisticated study designs, more accurate estimation of temperature exposure during pregnancy, and more efficient methods to find out the exposure windows, as well as cold-related effects on birth outcomes.
Furthermore, exposure to more efficient producers, such as Argentina, significantly impacted Brazilian wheat producers.
Memory CD8 T cells have an enhanced capacity to control secondary antigen exposure, through more efficient proliferation, rapid acquisition of effector functions, IFN-γ and TNF-α production, and migration to peripheral sites of infection [41].
There may be an innate difference between children and adults in how acquired immune systems function [48], [49], resulting in more efficient immune response after recent exposure in adults compared to children [46], [50], [51].
It may be considered that there is a more efficient anaerobic glycolysis after sevoflurane exposure because of higher availability of energetic substratum, that is, pyruvate, allowing higher production of lactate and therefore higher mitochondrial ATP [ 39, 40].
