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While states of mindfulness of attention and awareness may appear easy to attain for brief periods of time, it is often quite challenging to develop a sustained practice of continually reorienting one's mind to being in the present moment and being open to experience (a more dispositional tendency toward mindfulness).
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3See also Ng et al. (2006), who note that "some people have a dispositional tendency to believe they have more control over the external environment than others" (p.1058).
This is because the pessimist dispositional tendency is to believe that negative events are likely to occur, and pessimists are even more negatively reactive when given such information [ 21].
Trait anger, or the dispositional tendency to experience a wide range of situations as annoying or frustrating, is associated with negative mental and physical health outcomes.
Overall, the study suggested that younger individuals and individuals who have a dispositional tendency to remain implicitly or explicitly aware of multiple perspectives of a situation are better at media multitasking.
Another important determinant of deception is the dispositional tendency to behave according to one's own individual differences in personality traits.
Individual differences in activity of this amygdala region, assessed in four different contexts, predicted an individual's dispositional tendency to have anxious temperament.
Additionally, some children with extreme BI have increased pituitary-adrenal and autonomic activity suggesting that these individuals have a dispositional tendency to activate stress-related systems [3].
Our findings support the idea that hypervigilance to body symptoms is not necessarily a bottom-up dispositional tendency (where patients are hypersensitive about bodily signals), but rather a metacognitive process related to threatening beliefs about body/somatic sensations.
Western psychological theory and empirical evidence suggest mindfulness as both a psychological state and a construct that represents a dispositional tendency to exhibit mindfulness in everyday life (Baer et al. 2004; Bishop et al. 2004; Brown and Ryan 2003; Hayes and Feldman 2004).
The practices of formal mindfulness meditation and bringing informal mindful awareness to activities of daily life are used to achieve the state of mindfulness, and the premise of many mindfulness-based interventions is that a dispositional tendency to be mindful arises from or is increased by mindfulness practice.
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