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A major point of my paper is that this group arose by reductive evolution from more complex ancestors, and in so doing lost both morphological and genetic complexity, and was accordingly free to lose bioenergetic complexity too.
Some modern evidence suggests that at least some flatworm species may be secondarily simplified from more complex ancestors.
Trichoplax must have more complex ancestors.
Yet every single one of these 1000 or more species arose by reductive evolution from more complex ancestors.
This suggests that the different lineages of ultrasmall archaea evolved from more complex ancestors by a reductive process.
Are today's simple actinobacterial species primitive, or are they degenerate descendants of morphologically much more complex ancestors?
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It is more likely that the dice was loaded in some way, such that reductive evolution from a more complex ancestor is altogether more likely than complexification (ugly word--is there a better one?) of prokaryotic ancestors.
Thus, interpretations of the sponge body plan in the context of metazoan evolution range from it representing a state similar to the last common ancestor of modern animals to it being derived from a morphologically more complex ancestor that possessed a gut, nerves and muscles.
Characteristically for parasites it has undergone reductive evolution from more complex mitochondriate ancestors, and today lacks pathways for amino acid biosynthesis, purine and pyrimidine synthesis, fatty acid biosynthesis and TCA cycle [ 78].
When I say there is a lack of speciation across the prokaryote-eukaryote transition, I mean that the genetic clusters, or species, that do occupy this morphological niche are all derived from more complex eukaryotic ancestors, and therefore invaded this space from 'above', not 'below'below
The hypothesis holds that as social interactions became more and more complex, our primate ancestors evolved so they could engage in the trickery, manipulation, skulduggery and sleight of hand needed to live in large social groups, which helped them avoid predators and survive.
More suggestions(15)
more complex dishes
more reptilian ancestors
more distinguished ancestors
more immediate ancestors
more primitive ancestors
more potential ancestors
more fearless ancestors
more complex creatures
more elaborate ancestors
more vibrant ancestors
more recent ancestors
more complex goals
more complex appetizers
more likely ancestors
more complex methods
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com