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A comparison of the Pokkali introgressions across 16 selected backcross lines confirmed an intermediate tolerance effect from two different Pokkali alleles detected at the Saltol locus: the more common allele as seen in FL378 and FL540 and the distinct allele derived from FL478 (Fig. 3).
For genes showing the features exemplified by BTN3A2, we observed a weaker correlation between the more common allele and the chimpanzee nucleotide, i.e., a more significant proportion of the rare alleles matched the ancestral nucleotides.
We have approached the problem by narrowing our calculations to HLA A2, one of the more common allele and one for which a well-defined motif - (a 9-mer peptide with small and aliphatic residues ATSVLIMQ in the B pocket and aliphatic and small hydrophobic residues ALIVMQ in the F pocket) -exists [9].
However, we found that in some cases the reference allele is not the most common allele, and this can confound the B-SIFT results, and so we proceeded to calculate B-SIFT scores treating the more common allele as the "wild-type".
The more common allele was used to determine the reference group.
For each SNP, homozygotes for the more common allele were used as the reference group.
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Although the marker haplotypes across the Saltol region for these two lines are different, line J21 shares the same allele at the gene-based marker SKC1b as the more common Pokkali allele, while the SKC1b allele at line J38 was the same as IR29 (Supplementary Table 3).
While our studies agree with previous findings of a 2.3 fold increase of luciferase expression with the -44 G allele compared to the more common C allele in a short promoter construct [ 33], Milanese and coworkers [ 53] reported a 53% decrease in transcription with the -44 G construct.
Four variants were rare (allele frequency 0.02 0.07%), and 23 were more common (minor allele frequency 0.13 34%).
The TNF-308A allele is a much stronger transcriptional activator than the more common G allele (Wilson et al. 1997) and is associated with higher TNF production (Louis et al. 1998).
Furthermore, plants with the less common of the two alleles called the 'non-reference allele' typically had more CHH methylation than plants with the more common reference allele.
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