Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigSuggestions(5)
Exact(32)
There are a few Cambrian contenders but it is difficult to determine whether these are genuine fossil vertebrates from which most vertebrate characteristics have rotted away or fossils that belong in a more basal position in the tree, with invertebrate chordates (e.g., Cathaymyrus and Metaspriggina; Conway Morris 2008; Shu et al. 1996a).
Chaoyangsaurus is recovered in a more basal position than Psittacosauridae, although Chinnery's original analysis finds it within Neoceratopsia.
A 2004 study supported this result but suggested it was equally probable that Alioramus belonged outside the family Tyrannosauridae entirely, with its supposed juvenile characters actually reflecting a more basal position within Tyrannosauroidea.
Below is a cladogram from Ruta et al. (2003) placing Temnospondyli within crown Tetrapoda: Other studies place modern amphibians as the descendants of lepospondyls and place temnospondyls in a more basal position within the stem of Tetrapoda.
The other is that the Papi adopted pile-weave designs from the Yomut and/or Shahesevan, which would have the effect of shifting the Papi to a more basal position.
A number of phylogenetic studies based on single molecules have suggested a more basal position of Acoela and Nemertodermatida [5] [11], while the monophyly of the Catenulida and the Rhabditophora has been recently confirmed [33].
Similar(28)
Furthermore, placing Tapuiasaurus in even more basal positions within Titanosauria requires an increasingly higher number of extra steps: 7 steps if forced basal to Malawisaurus, 9 steps if forced basal to Tangvayosaurus, and 10 steps if forced basal to Phuwiangosaurus.
Nuclei in DNp150-expressing cells "start" from more basal positions and must therefore translocate further than control nuclei.
It has also previously been shown that nuclei of dynein/dynactin-compromised neuroepithelial cells migrate to more basal positions than nuclei from control cells (Del Bene et al., 2008).
The first shows that downregulating Lis1 (a dynein interactor) interferes with IKNM (Tsai et al., 2005), while the second shows that in dynactin1 mutant zebrafish (mok), nuclei reach more basal positions than wild-type embryo nuclei (Del Bene et al., 2008).
Phylogenetic analysis of the 3G dataset obtained from ML and MrBayes analyses, when the codon positions are partitioned and RY encoding used, returned the same topology corresponding to topology 12 in Table 4 where, as a member of the PNG I clade, R. praetor diverges recently and R. lutreolus, R. sordidus, R. tunneyi and R. villosissimus have more basal positions.
More suggestions(15)
more basal hammerhead
more basal genus
more basal tetanuran
more basal clade
more basal Ceratosaurus
more basal morphology
more basal carcharodontosaurid
more basal Nodosauridae
more basal ornithischian
more basal pseudosuchian
more basal bone
more precarious position
more discouraging position
more elevated position
more unpopular position
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com