In contrast, the view institutionalized by human subjects research oversight committees is that humans have a moral status which provides them with substantial moral protections, including a very stringent prohibition on harmful research without informed consent.
On any reasonable view of moral status, then, there will not be a large difference between the consideration due a borderline person and the consideration due a paradigmatic person, and a borderline person should therefore be viewed as analogous to a child: "not as substantially autonomous or as having full-fledged moral agency but as deserving moral protections of full strength" (ibid., 323).
It is meant to denote "moral protection," a sign that they are "a consecrated people like the priests of ancient Israel".
Indeed an early-stage human embryo, with no nervous system and presumably lacking pain and fear, might defensibly be afforded less moral protection than an adult pig, which is clearly well equipped to suffer.
That role is to provide individuals with moral protection against having sacrifices (i.e., net losses) imposed upon them.
The third is to argue that, notwithstanding their lack of rights, children can be assured of adequate moral protection by other means.
Libertarianism is attractive because (1) it provides significant moral liberty of action, (2) it provides significant moral protection against interference from others, and (3) it is sensitive to what the past was like (e.g., what agreements were made and what rights violations took place).
If the relevant relationship is instead with a being in one's species community, then all humans are in a special species relationship with an anencephalic human baby and so, according to such an account, owe it a high level of moral protection.
In our patient-centred approach, we perceived that the principle of nonmaleficence provides a so-called prima facie moral protection for the patient against therapies and treatments that have not yet proven their health effectiveness and/or for which some doubts remain concerning their possible health risks.
The article stipulates that "Children are entitled to dignity, care, education and health from their parents and from the State" and that the "State guarantees the legal, social, material and moral protection of all children, without discrimination, in accordance with the principle of the best interest of the child".
Government has two moral missions: protection and empowerment for all.
